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开发方式

nucleo（下称核板）开发板果然与众不同，通过usb链接PC后，出现三个设备，从上到下分别是串口、储存设备、link Debug设备，最后一个设备需要驱动才能使用。

那么集成开发环境呢，找了一圈才知道，原来就是磁盘里那个网页文件跳转后的STM Mbed平台。

打开网页能自动进入平台，注册新账号即可添加开发板到你的账号里，然后就能使用这个在线的集成开发环境了。

右上角的"Compiler"进入IDE

这时可以创建新程序，还有一些模板可以选择

这时点 编译 就能编译出.bin可执行文件，然后下载到 核板 的磁盘就能自动运行

真的很容易上手，感觉和Arduino有异曲同工之妙

了解核板

前面提到了Link Debug，这是什么功能呢。

于是我在这里找到了很多核板的参数：

https://developer.mbed.org/platforms/ST-Nucleo-L053R8/

下面是摘抄：

• STM32L053R8T6 in LQFP64 package
• ARM®32-bit Cortex®-M0+ CPU
• 32 MHz max CPU frequency
• VDD from 1.65 V to 3.6 V
• 64 KB Flash
• 8 KB SRAM
• GPIO (51) with external interrupt capability
• 12-bit ADC with 16 channels
• 12-bit DAC with 1 channel
• RTC
• Timers (5)
• I2C (2)
• USART (3)
• SPI (2)
• USB 2.0 full-speed

核板特点

• Two types of extension resources
  • Arduino Uno Revision 3 connectivity
  • STMicroelectronics Morpho extension pin headers for full access to all STM32 I/Os
• On-board ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer with SWD connector
  • Selection-mode switch to use the kit as a standalone ST-LINK/V2-1
• Flexible board power supply
  • USB VBUS or external source (3.3 V, 5 V, 7 - 12 V)
  • Power management access point
• User LED (LD2)
• Two push buttons: USER and RESET
• USB re-enumeration capability: three different interfaces supported on USB
  • Virtual Com port
  • Mass storage (USB Disk drive) for drag'n'drop programming
  • Debug port

UART 共用到在 D0、 D1 脚

These pins are shared with the PC Serial connection via STLink. If you need to use these pins independently, see this page:https://developer.mbed.org/teams/ST/wiki/Use-of-D0D1-Arduino-pins

引脚使用提示

Only the labels written in blue/white or green/white (i.e. PA_4, PB_5, A0, D14, LED1...) must be used in your code. The other labels are given as information (alternate-functions, power pins, ...). You can also use these additional labels:

SERIAL_TX=PA_2  I2C_SCL=PB_8  SPI_MOSI=PA_7  PWM_OUT=PB_3
SERIAL_RX=PA_3  I2C_SDA=PB_9  SPI_MISO=PA_6
                              SPI_SCK =PA_5
                              SPI_CS  =PB_6

扩展板使用提示

• (1) - This shield requires SPI pins remapping because it uses a non-standard 6 pin SPI connector. Please refer to the shield page on mbed for more information.
• (2) - To use this shield with ST Nucleo platforms you will need to remove SB13 and SB14 then bridge SB62 and SB63. This will enable the processor to communicate with the shield using the default serial connection, but will stop the comms going via the ST-Link and USB. Alternatively you could use other serial-enabled pins, which have to be connected to D0/D1 pins on the shield. Please refer to the the Nucleo pinout image for options.
• (3) - This shield uses I2C on A4/A5 pins and requires bridging of A4D14 and A5D15.
• (4) - To boot on external power, the PWR jumper (near the reset button) has to be switched to E5V position.

• Install the ST-LINK/V2 driver before connecting the Nucleo board to your PC the first time. Follow this LINK for all details.
• For optimum performances, ensure that the Nucleo ST-LINK/V2 firmware is upgraded to the latest version. Follow this LINK for all details.

先从移植Arduino小制作开始更吧，我发现我的程序非常多，如果移植每个程序都做大量查找替换操作，那会非常繁琐。

还好C语言很灵活并且有强大的宏功能。

这是mbed上的BLink程序:

而这是Arduino Blink：

我先创建了空模板项目

函数实现：

已有函数

把Arduino程序复制过来加个头尾

头实现

其中pinMode是假函数，这样就能在移植时做最少修改了，加了头尾和宏定义引脚即可。

Delay函数也可以用宏替换实现，但是考虑到还有wait()函数，可以再定义个float参数的delay(float sec)，所以我用函数实现。

 编译运行通过。。。。。

Blink过后，我移植了一个显示温度湿度的LED屏小制作。

main.cpp

#include "mbed.h"
#include "Arduino.h"
Serial serial(USBTX, USBRX);


#include "LED_Array.h"
#include "Dht11.h"
Dht11 DHT11(D7);

unsigned char RedData[70] = { 0 };
unsigned char GreenData[70] = { 0 };
unsigned char BlueData[70] = { 0 };
unsigned char humb = 0;
unsigned char temp = 0;
unsigned char old_humb = 0;
unsigned char old_temp = 0;
unsigned char count = 0;


void ColouredPos(int pos, char color, char value)
{
    boolean R = color & 0x01;
    boolean G = color & 0x02;
    boolean B = color & 0x04;
    //根据色权转二进制以对指定位置制定色板上色
    if (R)
        DotToData(RedData, pos, value);
    else
        DotToData(RedData, pos, 0x10);

    if (G)
        DotToData(GreenData, pos, value);
    else
        DotToData(GreenData, pos, 0x10);

    if (B)
        DotToData(BlueData, pos, value);
    else
        DotToData(BlueData, pos, 0x10);
}

void ColouredPos(int pos, char color)
{
    //模板套用简化
    char value = 12;
    switch (pos) {
        case 0:
            value = 12;
            break;
        case 5:
            value = 13;
            break;
        case 2:
            value = 14;
            break;
        case 7:
            value = 15;
            break;
    }
    ColouredPos(pos, color, value);
}

void ColouredValue(int value, char color,  boolean temp)
{
    unsigned char LeftPos = 1;
    unsigned char RightPos = 4;
    if (!temp) {
        LeftPos = 3;
        RightPos = 6;
    }
    ColouredPos(LeftPos, color, value / 10 % 10);
    ColouredPos(RightPos, color, value % 10);
}

void testOne()
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        ColouredPos(0, i);
        ColouredPos(5, i);
        ColouredPos(2, i);
        ColouredPos(7, i);
        ColouredValue(9, i, 1);
        ColouredValue(51, i, 0);
        for (int n = 80; n > 1; n--) {
            Write_LED_Array(RedData, RED);
            Write_LED_Array(GreenData, GREEN);
            Write_LED_Array(BlueData, BLUE);
        }
    }
}

void testTwo()
{
    ColouredPos(0, RED);
    ColouredPos(5, YELLO);
    ColouredPos(2, BLUE);
    ColouredPos(7, YELLO);
    ColouredValue(16, CYAN, 1);
    ColouredValue(51, GREEN, 0);
    while (1) {
        Write_LED_Array(RedData, RED);
        Write_LED_Array(GreenData, GREEN);
        Write_LED_Array(BlueData, BLUE);
    }
}

void getDHT11()
{
    count++;
    int chk;
    do {
        chk = DHT11.read();
    } while (chk == DHTLIB_OK);

    if (count == 100) {
        count = 0;
        old_humb = humb;
        old_temp = temp;
    }

    humb = DHT11.getHumidity();
    temp = DHT11.getFahrenheit();
    if (humb >= old_humb)
        ColouredValue(humb, GREEN, 0);
    else
        ColouredValue(humb, CYAN, 0);
    if (temp >= old_temp)
        ColouredValue(temp, GREEN, 1);
    else
        ColouredValue(temp, CYAN, 1);



    serial.printf("Humidity (%%): %d\n",humb);
    serial.printf("Temperature (oC): %d\n\n",temp);
//    Serial.print("Humidity (%): ");
//    Serial.println(humb, DEC);
//    Serial.print("Temperature (oC): ");
//    Serial.println(temp, DEC);
//    Serial.println();
}

void setup()
{
    Init_LED_Array();
    //Serial.begin(9600);
    ColouredPos(0, BLUE);
    ColouredPos(5, BLUE);
    ColouredPos(2, BLUE);
    ColouredPos(7, BLUE);
    ColouredValue(0, CYAN, 1);
    ColouredValue(0, GREEN, 0);
    //t.every(10000, getDHT11);
}

void loop()
{
    //t.update();
    getDHT11();
    for(long i=0; i<100; i++) {
        Write_LED_Array(GreenData, GREEN);
        Write_LED_Array(BlueData, BLUE);
    }
    serial.printf("LOOP!!!\n");
}






int main()
{
    setup();
    while(1) {
        loop();
    }
}

LED_Array.h & cpp

#ifndef LED_Array_H
#define LED_Array_H
#define HaltSize 1
#define LIGHT 160
#define     R0       D2
#define     R1       D3
#define     G0       D8
#define     G1       D9
#define     L0       D11
#define     L1       D12
#define     STB         A4//RCLK STCP//STB 正脉冲（几十纳秒）更新输出
#define     CLK         A5//SCLK SHCP//CLK 上升沿位移输入数据
#define     EN         D13//OE  低电平开启
#define     RowA        A0
#define     RowB        A1
#define     RowC        A2
#define     RowD        A3
/*色权
 * 基本：
 * 0——无色
 * 1——红色
 * 2——绿色
 * 4——蓝色
 * 扩展：
 * 3——红绿：黄
 * 5——红蓝：桃
 * 6——蓝绿：青、
 * 7——白
 */
#define     OFF        0
#define     RED        1
#define     GREEN        2
#define     BLUE        4
#define     PINK        5
#define     YELLO        3
#define     CYAN        6
#define     WHITE        7


const unsigned char Dot[] =
{
  0x00, 0xFE, 0xC6, 0xCE, 0xD6, 0xE6, 0xC6, 0xFE,//G:\WPad\0.BMP0
  0x00, 0x38, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x3C,//G:\WPad\1.BMP0
  0x00, 0xFE, 0x06, 0x06, 0xFE, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xFE,//G:\WPad\2.BMP0
  0x00, 0xFE, 0x06, 0x06, 0xFE, 0x06, 0x06, 0xFE,//G:\WPad\3.BMP0
  0x00, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xFE, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06,//G:\WPad\4.BMP0
  0x00, 0xFE, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xFE, 0x06, 0x06, 0xFE,//G:\WPad\5.BMP0
  0x00, 0xFE, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xFE, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xFE,//G:\WPad\6.BMP0
  0x00, 0xFE, 0x06, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0x60,//G:\WPad\7.BMP0
  0x00, 0xFE, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xFE, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xFE,//G:\WPad\8.BMP0
  0x00, 0xFE, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xFE, 0x06, 0x06, 0xFE,//G:\WPad\9.BMP0
  0x00, 0x10, 0x38, 0x7C, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,//G:\WPad\up.BMP0
  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFE, 0x7C, 0x38, 0x10, 0x00,//G:\WPad\down.BMP0
  0x00, 0x18, 0x24, 0x24, 0x34, 0x34, 0x34, 0x18,//G:\WPad\temp2.BMP0
  0x00, 0xE6, 0xA8, 0xE8, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x06,//G:\WPad\temp.BMP0
  0x00, 0x10, 0x10, 0x38, 0x7C, 0x7C, 0x7C, 0x38,//G:\WPad\humb2.BMP0
  0x00, 0xE2, 0xA4, 0xE8, 0x10, 0x2E, 0x4A, 0x8E,//G:\WPad\humb.BMP0
  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,//0x00
};//字模

void Write_595(unsigned char Data, PinName PIN_595);
//this is the base driver of 74HC595
void Init_LED_Array(void);
//put this function into setup()
void Display();
//you can modify this function to display contents that you what to show
void Write_LED_Array(unsigned char *Data, unsigned char color);
//this is the base driver of LED array
void DotToData(unsigned char *Data, unsigned char Pos, unsigned char Draw);
//将字模放到数组中指定屏幕区域
#endif

#include "mbed.h"
#include "Arduino.h"

#include "LED_Array.h"
void Display()//you can modify this function to display contents that you what to show
{
    //  unsigned char i;
    //  for (i = 80; i > 1; i--)
    //  {
    //    Write_LED_Array(0, &cod1[0x0000], R0); //Write_LED_Array(pos,data,color);
    //    Write_LED_Array(1, &cod1[64], R1);
    //  }
    //  for (i = 80; i > 1; i--)
    //  {
    //    Write_LED_Array(0, &cod1[128], R0); //Write_LED_Array(pos,data,color);
    //    Write_LED_Array(1, &cod1[192], R1);
    //  }

}
void Init_LED_Array(void)//put this function into setup()
{

    pinMode(R0, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(R1, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(G0, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(G1, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(L0, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(L1, OUTPUT);
    digitalWrite(R0, LOW);
    digitalWrite(R1, LOW);
    digitalWrite(G0, LOW);
    digitalWrite(G1, LOW);
    digitalWrite(L0, LOW);
    digitalWrite(L1, LOW);

    pinMode(STB, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(CLK, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(EN, OUTPUT);

    pinMode(RowA, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(RowB, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(RowC, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(RowD, OUTPUT);


    digitalWrite(EN, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(STB, LOW);

}
void Write_595(unsigned char Data, PinName PIN_595) //this is the base driver of 74HC595
{
    digitalWrite(CLK, LOW);
    digitalWrite(PIN_595, (Data & 0x80));
    digitalWrite(CLK, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(CLK, LOW);
    digitalWrite(PIN_595, (Data & 0x40));
    digitalWrite(CLK, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(CLK, LOW);
    digitalWrite(PIN_595, (Data & 0x20));
    digitalWrite(CLK, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(CLK, LOW);
    digitalWrite(PIN_595, (Data & 0x10));
    digitalWrite(CLK, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(CLK, LOW);
    digitalWrite(PIN_595, (Data & 0x08));
    digitalWrite(CLK, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(CLK, LOW);
    digitalWrite(PIN_595, (Data & 0x04));
    digitalWrite(CLK, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(CLK, LOW);
    digitalWrite(PIN_595, (Data & 0x02));
    digitalWrite(CLK, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(CLK, LOW);
    digitalWrite(PIN_595, (Data & 0x01));
    digitalWrite(CLK, HIGH);
}
void Write_LED_Array(unsigned char *Data, unsigned char color) //this is the base driver of LED array
{
    unsigned char *pTemp;
    unsigned char row;
    PinName DataPin = R0;
    PinName DataPin2 = R1;

    if (color == GREEN) {
        DataPin = G0;
        DataPin2 = G1;
    } else if (color == BLUE) {
        DataPin = L0;
        DataPin2 = L1;
    }

    for (row = 0; row < 16; row++) {
        digitalWrite(EN, HIGH);

        pTemp = (Data + row * 2);
        if (HaltSize && row >= 8) {
            Write_595(*pTemp, DataPin2);
            Write_595(*(pTemp + 1), DataPin2);
            Write_595(*(pTemp += 32), DataPin2);
            Write_595(*(pTemp + 1), DataPin2);
        } else {
            Write_595(*pTemp, DataPin);
            Write_595(*(pTemp + 1), DataPin);
            Write_595(*(pTemp += 32), DataPin);
            Write_595(*(pTemp + 1), DataPin);
        }

        digitalWrite(STB, HIGH);
        delayMicroseconds(1);
        digitalWrite(STB, LOW);
        delayMicroseconds(1);

        digitalWrite(RowA, (row & 0x01)); //set display line
        digitalWrite(RowB, (row & 0x02)); //Sequential scan
        digitalWrite(RowC, (row & 0x04));
        if (!HaltSize)
            digitalWrite(RowD, (row & 0x08));

        digitalWrite(EN, LOW);
        delayMicroseconds(LIGHT);

    }
}

void DotToData(unsigned char *Data, unsigned char Pos, unsigned char Draw)
{
    //将字模放到数组中指定屏幕区域
    /*区域
     Pos：
     0  1 4 5
     2  3 6 7
     */
    const unsigned char *p = &Dot[Draw * 8];//字模编号取得指针
    //区域处理
    char n = Pos / 2;
    Pos = Pos % 2;
    for (char i = n * 16; i < (n + 1) * 16; i += 2) {
        if (Pos)
            Data[i + 1] = *(p++);
        else
            Data[i] = *(p++);
    }
}

Arduino.h & cpp

#ifndef Arduino_H
#define Arduino_H
#define HIGH 1
#define LOW 0
#define pinMode(PinName,Mode)
#define digitalWrite(PinName,Value) DigitalOut(PinName,Value)
#define digitalRead(PinName,Value) DigitalIn(PinName,Value)
#define delayMicroseconds(us) wait_us(us);
typedef bool boolean;
//#define print
void delay(int ms);
#endif

#include "mbed.h"
#include "Arduino.h"
void delay(int ms)
{
    wait_ms(ms);
}