Author : balancesli
mail : balancesli@thizlinux.com.cn
前阶段做了一次基于at91rm9200引导部分的技术分析，主要采用了u-boot，这里只面向使用at91rm9200板子的
的朋友做个简单的推敲，希望起到抛砖引玉的作用.
关键词 :
u-boot: 一个开源的面向多个目标平台(ppc, mips, arm, x86)的bootloader.
at91rm9200 : Atmel 公司生产的基于arm9核的Soc处理器.
以下先给出at91rm9200引导流程图
Boot program Flow Diagram
Device Setup
|
|
Boot SPI DataFlash Boot --> Download from DataFlash --> run
|
|
TWI EEPROM Boot --> Download from EEPROM --> run
|
|
Parallel Boot --> Download from 8-bit Device -->
|
| Xmodem protocol
| |---DBGU Serial Download ---------------------> run
|____|
| DFU protocol
|-----USB download -----------------------> run
在这里我主要介绍通过片内引导和片外引导, 片内引导主要采用串口下载并引导u-boot，并完成程序被烧写到Flash上,
然后就可以通过跳线的方式从片外引导执行已经烧写到片外Flash上的引导程序(bootloader).
这里要提及的是at91rm9200内部本身有128k的片内rom,其固化了一个bootloader和uploader, 用来支持程序的
下载和引导,而且其内部固化的程序提供了很多内部服务接口(Internel Service)供我们来使用，例如Xmodem，Tempo
DataFlash, CRC, Sine服务接口，这样我们就可以利用它所提供的Service interface API完成程序的下载。
这里主要介绍Xmodem接口服务。
at91rm9200内部固化的代码在设计上采用了面向对象的设计方法，如下:
typedef struct _AT91S_Service
{
char data;
char (*MainMethod)();
char (*ChildMethod)();
}AT91S_Service, *AT91PS_Service;
char AT91F_MainMethod()
{
}
char AT91F_ChildMethod()
{
}
/*init the Service */
AT91PS_Service AT91F_OpenDevice(AT91PS_Service pService)
{
pService->data = 0;
pService->MainMethod = AT91F_MainMethod;
pService->ChildMethod = AT91F_ChildMethod;
}
//使用方法如下
AT91S_Service service;
AT91PS_Service pService = AT91F_OpenDevice(&service);
pService->AT91F_MainMethmod();
.....
通过如上代码片断可以看出它采用了类似面向对象的设计方法。
其实如果各位朋友接触过的话或者看过这本书的话，应该很容易便接受它。
下面以Xmodem服务为例子介绍:
at91rm9200内部提供的服务包含了几个服务对象, 这些对象在片内启动xmodem协议Host端和Targe端通讯时会用到.
typedef struct _AT91S_RomBoot
{
const unsigned int version;
// Peripheral descriptors
const AT91S_MEMCDesc MEMC_DESC;
const AT91S_STDesc SYSTIMER_DESC;
const AT91S_Pio2Desc PIOA_DESC;
const AT91S_Pio2Desc PIOB_DESC;
const AT91S_USART2Desc DBGU_DESC;
const AT91S_USART2Desc USART0_DESC;
const AT91S_USART2Desc USART1_DESC;
const AT91S_USART2Desc USART2_DESC;
const AT91S_USART2Desc USART3_DESC;
const AT91S_TWIDesc TWI_DESC;
const AT91S_SPIDesc SPI_DESC;
// Objects entry
const AT91PF_OpenPipe OpenPipe;
const AT91PF_OpenSBuffer OpenSBuffer;
const AT91PF_OpenSvcUdp OpenSvcUdp;
const AT91PF_OpenSvcXmodem OpenSvcXmodem;
const AT91PF_OpenCtlTempo OpenCtlTempo;
const AT91PF_OpenDfuDesc OpenDfuDesc;
const AT91PF_OpenUsbDesc OpenUsbDesc;
const AT91PF_OpenSvcDataFlash OpenSvcDataFlash;
const AT91PF_SVC_CRC16 CRC16;
const AT91PF_SVC_CRCCCITT CRCCCITT;
const AT91PF_SVC_CRCHDLC CRCHDLC;
const AT91PF_SVC_CRC32 CRC32;
// Array
const AT91PS_SVC_CRC_BIT_REV Bit_Reverse_Array;
const AT91PS_SINE_TAB SineTab;
const AT91PF_Sinus Sine;
} AT91S_RomBoot;
//AT91S_Pipe
typedef struct _AT91S_Pipe
{
// A pipe is linked with a peripheral and a buffer
AT91PS_SvcComm pSvcComm;
AT91PS_Buffer pBuffer;
// Callback functions with their arguments
void (*WriteCallback) (AT91S_PipeStatus, void *);
void (*ReadCallback) (AT91S_PipeStatus, void *);
void *pPrivateReadData;
void *pPrivateWriteData;
// Pipe methods
AT91S_PipeStatus (*Write) (
struct _AT91S_Pipe *pPipe,
char const * pData,
unsigned int size,
void (*callback) (AT91S_PipeStatus, void *),
void *privateData
);
AT91S_PipeStatus (*Read) (
struct _AT91S_Pipe *pPipe,
char *pData,
unsigned int size,
void (*callback) (AT91S_PipeStatus, void *),
void *privateData
);
AT91S_PipeStatus (*AbortWrite)(struct _AT91S_Pipe *pPipe);
AT91S_PipeStatus (*AbortRead)(struct _AT91S_Pipe *pPipe);
AT91S_PipeStatus (*AbortRead)(struct _AT91S_Pipe *pPipe);
AT91S_PipeStatus (*Reset)(struct _AT91S_Pipe *pPipe);
char (*IsWritten)(struct _AT91S_Pipe *pPipe, char const *pVoid);
char (*IsReceived) (struct _AT91S_Pipe *pPipe, char const *pVoid);
} AT91S_Pipe;
//AT91S_Buff
typedef struct _AT91S_SBuffer
{
AT91S_Buffer parent;
char *pRdBuffer;
char const *pWrBuffer;
unsigned int szRdBuffer;
unsigned int szWrBuffer;
unsigned int stRdBuffer;
unsigned int stWrBuffer;
} AT91S_SBuffer;
// AT91S_SvcTempo
typedef struct _AT91S_SvcTempo
{
// Methods:
AT91S_TempoStatus (*Start) (
struct _AT91S_SvcTempo *pSvc,
unsigned int timeout,
unsigned int reload,
void (*callback) (AT91S_TempoStatus, void *),
void *pData);
AT91S_TempoStatus (*Stop) (struct _AT91S_SvcTempo *pSvc);
struct _AT91S_SvcTempo *pPreviousTempo;
struct _AT91S_SvcTempo *pNextTempo;
// Data
unsigned int TickTempo; //* timeout value
unsigned int ReloadTempo;//* Reload value for periodic execution
void (*TempoCallback)(AT91S_TempoStatus, void *);
void *pPrivateData;
AT91E_SvcTempo flag;
} AT91S_SvcTempo;
// AT91S_CtrlTempo
typedef struct _AT91S_CtlTempo
{
// Members:
// Start and stop for Timer hardware
AT91S_TempoStatus (*CtlTempoStart) (void *pTimer);
AT91S_TempoStatus (*CtlTempoStop) (void *pTimer);
// Start and stop for Tempo service
AT91S_TempoStatus (*SvcTempoStart) (
struct _AT91S_SvcTempo *pSvc,
unsigned int timeout,
unsigned int reload,
void (*callback) (AT91S_TempoStatus, void *),
void *pData);
AT91S_TempoStatus (*SvcTempoStop) (struct _AT91S_SvcTempo *pSvc);
AT91S_TempoStatus (*CtlTempoSetTime)(struct _AT91S_CtlTempo *pCtrl, unsigned int NewTime);
AT91S_TempoStatus (*CtlTempoGetTime)(struct _AT91S_CtlTempo *pCtrl);
AT91S_TempoStatus (*CtlTempoIsStart)(struct _AT91S_CtlTempo *pCtrl);
AT91S_TempoStatus (*CtlTempoCreate) (struct _AT91S_CtlTempo *pCtrl,struct _AT91S_SvcTempo *pTempo);
AT91S_TempoStatus (*CtlTempoRemove) (struct _AT91S_CtlTempo *pCtrl,struct _AT91S_SvcTempo *pTempo);
AT91S_TempoStatus (*CtlTempoTick) (struct _AT91S_CtlTempo *pCtrl);
// Data:
void *pPrivateData; // Pointer to devived class
void const *pTimer; // hardware
AT91PS_SvcTempo pFirstTempo;
AT91PS_SvcTempo pNewTempo;
} AT91S_CtlTempo;
//以下代码是上面几个对象的使用范例，通过这样就可以完成Host端和Targe端之间的xmodem通讯,并可以下载代码了。
AT91S_RomBoot const *pAT91;
AT91S_SBuffer sXmBuffer;
AT91S_SvcXmodem svcXmodem;
AT91S_Pipe xmodemPipe;
AT91S_CtlTempo ctlTempo;
AT91PS_Buffer pXmBuffer;
AT91PS_SvcComm pSvcXmodem;
unsigned int SizeDownloaded;
/* Init of ROM services structure */
pAT91 = AT91C_ROM_BOOT_ADDRESS;//这里取得内部ROM服务的入口地址
/* Tempo Initialization */
pAT91->OpenCtlTempo(&ctlTempo, (void *) &(pAT91->SYSTIMER_DESC));
ctlTempo.CtlTempoStart((void *) &(pAT91->SYSTIMER_DESC));
/* Xmodem Initialization */
pXmBuffer = pAT91->OpenSBuffer(&sXmBuffer);
pSvcXmodem = pAT91->OpenSvcXmodem(&svcXmodem, (AT91PS_USART)AT91C_BASE_DBGU, &ctlTempo);
pAT91->OpenPipe(&xmodemPipe, pSvcXmodem, pXmBuffer);
xmodemPipe.Read(&xmodemPipe, (char *)AT91C_UBOOT_BASE_ADDRESS, AT91C_UBOOT_MAXSIZE,
AT91F_XmodemProtocol, 0);
while(XmodemComplete !=1);
//上面部分主要针对at91rm9200片内启动时我们可以使用的片内接口服务介绍，玩H9200的朋友可以参考一下便知道缘由。
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