下面的例子中,脚本进入死循环直至用户输入数字大于5。要跳出这个循环,返回到shell提示符下,就要使用break命令。
在嵌套循环中,break 命令后面还可以跟一个整数,表示跳出第几层循环。例如:
- #!/bin/bash
- while :
- do
- echo -n "Input a number between 1 to 5: "
- read aNum
- case $aNum in
- 1|2|3|4|5) echo "Your number is $aNum!"
- ;;
- *) echo "You do not select a number between 1 to 5, game is over!"
- break
- ;;
- esac
- done
表示跳出第 n 层循环。
- break n
下面是一个嵌套循环的例子,如果 var1 等于 2,并且 var2 等于 0,就跳出循环:
如上,break 2 表示直接跳出外层循环。运行结果:
- #!/bin/bash
- for var1 in 1 2 3
- do
- for var2 in 0 5
- do
- if [ $var1 -eq 2 -a $var2 -eq 0 ]
- then
- break 2
- else
- echo "$var1 $var2"
- fi
- done
- done
1 0 1 5continue命令 continue命令与break命令类似,只有一点差别,它不会跳出所有循环,仅仅跳出当前循环。
对上面的例子进行修改:
运行代码发现,当输入大于5的数字时,该例中的循环不会结束,语句
- #!/bin/bash
- while :
- do
- echo -n "Input a number between 1 to 5: "
- read aNum
- case $aNum in
- 1|2|3|4|5) echo "Your number is $aNum!"
- ;;
- *) echo "You do not select a number between 1 to 5!"
- continue
- echo "Game is over!"
- ;;
- esac
- done
永远不会被执行。
- echo "Game is over!"
同样,continue 后面也可以跟一个数字,表示跳出第几层循环。
再看一个 continue 的例子:
运行结果:
- #!/bin/bash
- NUMS="1 2 3 4 5 6 7"
- for NUM in $NUMS
- do
- Q=`expr $NUM % 2`
- if [ $Q -eq 0 ]
- then
- echo "Number is an even number!!"
- continue
- fi
- echo "Found odd number"
- done
Found odd number Number is an even number!! Found odd number Number is an even number!! Found odd number Number is an even number!! Found odd number